Is ethical Business Good or Bad for Business Essay

Is ethical Business Good or Bad for Business - Essay Example The researcher states that as recently as about a decade ago, most firms perceived business ethics in terms of compliance with the legal standards as well as their adherence to the internal regulations and rules only. In the present day business world, this situation has changed greatly. Attention to the business ethics has increased throughout the globe and many organizations have realized that they must earn their customers confidence and respect for them to attain remarkable success. Corporations like never before, are being encouraged, asked, as well as prodded towards improvement of their business practices in emphasizing ethical and legal behavior. Corporations, individuals, and professional firms are increasingly being held accountable for their operations, as business witness growth in demand for higher corporate social responsibility standards. Workplace ethics have been a very hot topic in the current business studies. In the American workers’ eyes, the market downtu rn can certainly be attributed to deceit and greed. However, there are some other additional factors for the growing discussion concerning ethical practices in the workplace and they include the executives conduct regarding pay: throughout multiple firms, there exist inequalities in pay from the individuals at the highest organisational levels to those below them. The discrepancy is frequently linked to custom and entitlement but not to performance. Second is the awareness of potential of falling off the slippery slope, whereby individuals have witnessed many people falling off from their levels. Third is the behavior of sports and academic heroes, particularly the recent Syracuse and Penn State Universities’ scandals, which surpass football fields to leadership at various levels in both institutions. Finally is an unpinning of the way individuals treat each other. Current political game has rhetoric of blames making individuals assume that the society only cares about winnin g with civility being ruled out of winning (Lattal, 2012, p. 22). Answering the question whether ethical behavior is good or bad for business organizations is not an easy task. Unquestionably, ethical conduct makes a good sense of business. However, just as with all the other business studies’ issues, there exist two sides to this argument and this could be highlighted in the advantages and disadvantages of ethical business. Some of the benefits of ethical business include improvement in business and brand recognition and awareness, higher revenues- due to the demand from the positive consumer support, new financial sources such as from ethical investors, and better motivation and recruitment of employees. Arguments against ethical business present such disadvantages as higher costs like sourcing from the fair-trade suppliers instead of lowest prices, dangers of creating false expectations, and higher overheads such as communication and training of ethical policies. These arg uments form the basis of this paper. Focus is on establishing whether ethical business is good or bad for business entities and this shall be given from the literature review findings from which the writer shall draw strong points to support ethical business conduct/operations. Thus, this paper wishes to present ethical business conduct as being good for businesses. Literature Review Business ethics is one of the specialized ethics’ branches that focus on the application of moral standards to business behavior and organizations (Velasques, 1998). Being as such, business ethics cannot be comprehended separately from general ethics ideas and the common ethical theories as well applying to the business ethics (Fritzsche & Becker, 1984; Hunt & Vitell, 1986; Lahdesnati, 2005; Schumann, 2001). The normative ethical theory present varied moral theories, which independently prescribe set of the moral rules, which individual

Childhood Obesity in School Essay Example for Free

Childhood Obesity in School Essay Childhood obesity is a problem in the United States. It affects a child’s life tremendously. Childhood obesity in school is an important subject for one to learn about. People who have children or plan on having children need to know the risks that are involved in this disorder. Childhood obesity is a serious problem for children but it can be worse in schools. School life is hard enough for a child to adjust; it is even harder for a child to deal with school and obesity at the same time. There are many aspects to how childhood obesity affects children in schools: it affects their learning abilities, it affects their social skills and their psychological well-being, and it also affects their health. Childhood obesity is when a child has an excessive amount of body fat in relationship to lean body mass. Childhood obesity is sometimes a genetic disorder and sometimes an environmental situation issue. By genetics it means it can be given to the child by anyone in their family lineage. By environmental situation issues it means it is based on the foods a child eats, whether they exercise regularly, or by the habits they learn. Mass media also is a consideration in child obesity as advertisements can affect how a child wants to eat. Fast food companies attract many children just in their advertisements alone. The internet also affects children and they get to use the internet at school. They see advertisements online or play games online that make them not want to be active in everyday life. There are so many aspects to a child’s life that can lead to obesity and most of it starts at home but then overflows into the academic life of a child. Children who are obese tend to have more health issues and the health concerns can affect their everyday school life. The regularity of childhood obesity is a public health concern. Childhood obesity is connected to a variety of detrimental health conditions including diabetes, metabolic  syndrome, and heart disease (Freedman, Diets, Srinivasan, and Berenson, 1999). The more health issues a child has the more it affects school life. Children with health concerns from obesity end up missing a number of days for being sick and that puts them behind in their school work. The time away from school leads to missed assignments and also less socialization time with peers. Children who are obese tend to be sleepy and not be able to pay attention during classroom lectures. Overweight children also can have serious health issues now and as well in adult years; such as high cholesterol and blood pressure, bone and joint issues, and even sleep disorders which can affect every day routine (John, H., 2011). The problem of obesity is not contained than it will â€Å"surpass tobacco as the leading cause of death† (Bhattacharya 2004, p.1). Childhood obesity affects children with their learning abilities in the classroom. Occasionally how a child is affected educationally by childhood obesity is not as obvious as the health concerns that arise from the obesity. Children who are obese tend to have low self-esteem and do not participate as well in class discussions. As new clinical practice guidelines are being developed to address childhood obesity, the reduction of depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem associated with being overweight should also be considered in developing the guidelines (Cornette, 2008). It has not really been studied accurately or in excess but one would wonder if obesity would affect the brain because of lack of blood flow or just lack of healthiness. If the brain is hindered in any way then learning is definitely impacted. Obese children have a hard time with the affects obesity has on their social skills and their psychological well-being. Being bullied is something that is a common occurrence with obese children. Obese children have a hard time socializing due to being picked on. They also get labeled with titles that sometimes do not fit them just because of their appearance: lazy, slouch, unattractive, and mean. Sometimes they actually get labeled as the bully because of their size when actually they are not. Obesity in children is also associated with an elevated risk of various psychosocial problems. Children who suffer from obesity are more likely to have behavioral problems  and emotional disturbances (Stradmeijer, Bosch, Koops, and Seidell, 2000). Obesity limits students’ ability to excel in social and psychological problems, such as being bullied and low self-esteem. Obese children that are bullied can be very emotional or very quiet and hold everything in and that can lead to other problems as well. Results from a small-scale study of 106 obese children, between the ages of 5 and 18, revealed that obese students were often subject to teasing and ostracism, and that they reported having trouble keeping up with their peers, both physically and academically the emotional and social stress from being obese can be very hard on a child (Browman, Darcia Harris, 2003). Both as a parent or a student, all should understand the emotional and physical impacts that can cause great danger to an overweight child. Children with an inactive lifestyle, large at birth, with high-risk family health behaviors, and from a family with low income or low education attainment, were more likely to be obese. Findings suggest that interventions targeting family and supporting people to implement lifestyle changes are promising to prevent childhood obesity (Brophy, Cooksey, Gravenor, Mistry, Thomas, Lyons Williams, 2009). In addition, efforts appear to be focused on reducing weight, a small amount attention is directed to the psycho-socio-emotional effect that being overweight have on children. Studies are important because they show that childhood obesity is not only associated with health risk but also with problems in social interactions and relationships (Janssen, Craig, Boyce Pickett, 2003). Children that are obese also have a hard time doing some of the activities in school. When interviewing two teachers at Tennessee Ridge Elementary School and asking them about the effects of childhood obesity in their classrooms both had somewhat of the same answer. â€Å"Obese children have a harder time playing most of the physical activities I have planned that involve them getting up and down a lot† (Moore, 2012). As well as Mrs. Tomlinson (2012) stated that â€Å"children who are overweight seem to have a hard time getting up and down during our rug times and seem to have difficulty sitting in the crisscross position for more than a few minutes†. These students end up feeling like they are left out or feeling different than other children. They are also less likely to be able to keep up with  the other children on the playground. This is where one runs into the situation of being picked last on the playground or just simply being left out. This leads to a lot of the other complications obese children face in schools. There are many ways that the school system tries to help children stay fit and not have to battle obesity. One of the ways the schools try to help is by serving healthy lunches and snacks. They have also taken vending machines out of schools as much as possible. Also the schools try to ensure every child gets plenty of physical activity time and recess time. Teachers add activities that involve moving and being active in their curriculums; such as allowing children to sit on exercise balls while doing desk work and doing learning drills with physical activities. Exercising actually makes children less stressed and makes them focused on learning. â€Å"Young children who exercise at school perform better in concentration tests, researchers have said after a study on pupils in Aberdeen† (Williams, 2010). Being active and watching what a child eats can significantly help children it also teaches them good habits that will benefit them later on in life as well. Another way children learn is by example and teachers can set an example for children as well as their parents can. For example, teachers are not allowed to carry soda cans around they have to put it in different containers if they are drinking soda at school. Even with the schools being involved it is important for parents to do the same at home. Most schools and communities offer health programs and exercise classes for parents and children. Children are at school as much as they are at home and so in order to help children with obesity it needs to be a joint effort. Obesity is a serious situation and in children it is more serious. Obesity can affect a child a lot more than an adult because of all the social and emotional situations that arise that obese children are not ready to handle. Sometimes children cannot handle situations as well as adults can. The effects of childhood obesity can be very overwhelming to a child especially in the school environment. It is important for people to be aware of the effects of obesity in children and in the school system. Having obesity affect so much of a child’s school life can also interfere with their  future. Obesity harmfully impacting academics should make parents, educators, and policy makers alike have an even greater incentive to curb the threat of obesity in this country. References Bhattacharya, S. (2004). Obesity to Surpass Tobacco as Top U.S. Killer. Retrieved fromwww.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn4763. Boyce, W., PhD, Craig, W., PhD, Janssen, I., PhD, Pickett, W., PhD (2003). Associations between overweight and obesity with bullying behaviors in school-aged children. PEDIATRICS , 113(1187), Retrieved from: pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/113/5/1187.full.html Brophy, S., Cooksey, R., Gravenor, M., Mistry, R., Thomas, N., Lyons, R., Williams, R.(2009). Risk factors for childhood obesity at age 5: Analysis of the millennium Cohortstudy. BMC Public Health, 9(467), doi: 10.1 186/1471-2458-9-467 Browman, Darcia Harris, 2003. Child Obesity Hurts Emotional Health, Study Says. Education Week: Vol 22, Issue 32, p. 9. Cornette, R. (2008). The emotional impact of obesity on children. Worldviews on EvidenceBased Nursing, 5(3), 136-141. doi: 1545-1021/08 Freedman, D. S., Dietz, W. H., Srinivasan, S. R., Berenson, G. S. (1999). The relation ofobese to cardiovascular risk factors among children and adolescents: The BogalusaHeart Study. Pediatrics, 103, 1175-1182. John, H. (2011, 3 12). Retrieved from http://www.nsba.org/Board-Leadership/SchoolHealth/obesity-and-schools Moore, S. (2012, Decemeber, 01). Interview by B.A. Self [Personal Interview]. What effects do you see childhood obesity having in your classroom? Stradmeijer, M., Bosch, J., Koops, W., Seidell, J. (2000). Family functioning and psychosocial adjustment in obese youngsters. International Journal of Eating Disorders,27, 110-114. Tomlinson, J. (2012, November, 29). Interview by B.A. Self [Personal Interview]. What effects do you see childhood obesity having in your classroom? Williams, J. (2010, April 19). Bbc world news. Retrieved from ht tp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/north_east/8629867.stm

Essay --

The tobacco industry is known as one of the most controversial industries around the globe. The conflicting two viewpoints that raise challenges for the industry are between the people involved in the industry and those affected by it. Large producers and manufacturers of tobacco products argue that the production plays a vital role in the world economy contributing billions of dollars each year in tax dollars. On the opposing side is the health argument stating that over half of tobacco smokers die of tobacco related illnesses around the globe. As an ever growing global industry it has become more prevalent as well as scrutinized over the past one hundred years. Tobacco is one of the most widely used addictive substances in the world and can grow in â€Å"any warm, moist environment, which means it can be farmed on all continents except for Antarctica†. The plant itself is native to the Americas and historically one of the half-dozen most important crops grown by American fa rmers For nearly 200 years between the 1600’s to the 1800’s tobacco was one of the most valuable exports from the English American colonies and the United States. All the way up until the mid-1900’s the United States not only produced but also exported and manufactured more tobacco than any other country around the globe. As an agricultural product the prices of all tobacco products depends on crop yields which can be affected by all elements such as weather conditions. It wasn’t until the 1960’s when the potentially deadly effects of tobacco were discovered did the industry suffer a decline. This tobacco related evidencing side effects led to an immediate decline in support of the industry as a whole, specifically the producers and manufacturers. Laws around... ...any issues surrounding tobacco smoking such as heart disease, lung cancer, etc. Being that tobacco is a highly addictive product these products fulfill the need and craving of nicotine without the side effects of cigarette smoking. These products are supported greatly in the fight to stop tobacco consumption and do not face any restrictions within the market, unlike tobacco. Furthermore, over these past few years increasing technology has affected the tobacco industry. Electronic cigarettes have begun replicating the oral fixation and craving that smoking gives to users. By satisfying this urge these electronic cigarettes have quickly become a very popular alternative within the market. There is an inverse relationship between their popularity and the usage of tobacco products. As the number of users of replacement products increases, tobacco usage then decreases.

How the Sonnet Form is Associated with Love and Ardent Expression :: Sonnets Love God Essays

How the Sonnet Form is Associated with Love and Ardent Expression God’s Grandeur is a sonnet associated with the environment and obviously, God. It is an Italian petrarchan sonnet, where there is a noticeable split in the poem which makes up the octave and the sestet. The first four lines of the octave, describes a natural world through which God’s presence runs through like an electric current, becoming at times noticeable is flashes. A metaphor is used to emphasise God’s Grandeur as an electric force. Gerard Hopkins suggest that there is some kind of force not to our attention, which builds up a sort of tension which can be both positive or negative. God’s presence could also be described as a rich oil, which when tapped with a enduring pressure, builds up to a greatness. These comments are stated in the poem, ‘It gathers to a greatness, like the ooze of oil’. It is clear to the reader from this point that the love being expressed here is very much towards God, his presence, and the natural world surrounding us. After the poet, Gerard Hopkins, suggests the fact of God’s presence in the world, he then asks the reader to ask themselves why humans fail to take note of God’s powerful authority. The word ‘rod’ in this poem represents God’s grand authority. The image of electricity also subtlety returns in the fourth line, where the ‘rod’ of God's punishments calls to mind the lightning rod in which excess electricity in the atmosphere will sometimes disappear. The stressed syllables in the fourth line also reinforce to the reader the question which is being asked here by Hopkins. For example, words such as ‘Crushed, why, not’ all contribute to the powerful rhythm, which helps put the question across more efficiently. This all contributes in helping the poet convey such a strong ardent expression, which is needed greatly in order for the full effect of the poem to show. In the next line, the strong, falling rhythm of ‘have trod, have trod, have trod,‘ recreates the sound of marching footsteps in emphatic onomatopoeia. The message here is of what man has done to the environment, God’s environment, by using it over the years for various means of transport. The onomatopoeia and alliteration here helps to put the message across because the tension increases by a large amount, resulting in a more exciting and powerful climax. The word ‘and’ is used often and the start of lines to compound something which is trying to be said. It helps put across the message more efficiently because the same word is being continuously ’drummed’ into the reader ’And all is seared†¦And wears man’s smudge’ etc.

Evaluate Learning Activities Essay

After any learning activity it is important to evaluate how the activity went. This is because it gives both the children and staff members a chance to reflect on the learning which has taken place and establish whether or not the learning objective was achieved. To evaluate effectively you should refer to the original learning objective to see what you set out to achieve and then reflect on the outcome and whether or not this outcome was satisfactory and that the targets you set have been met. In order to evaluate accurately you must be sure to make learning objectives very clear at the planning stage. This must be done in a way that ensures learners fully understand what the outcomes mean and the outcomes must be achievable for everyone in the group regardless of ability and within the time that you have available. The learning objective should be set out in a way which makes it easy for you to assess pupils against it. A good knowledge of the success criteria is also important when evaluating learning as children may not necessarily achieve the learning objective despite fully involving themselves in the lesson and showing real enthusiasm. Where this is the case you should record how hard the child worked and take a look at the reasons they did not meet the objective and see how you can help them the next time. The resources you have used also play an important part in how successful an activity is so you should evaluate the resources you used and whether or not they were used correctly and decide if there were other things you could have used that may have been more relevant and beneficial to that particular task. Continual assessment is important to monitor a Childs progress and while you should share the information with other teaching staff it is also important to share it with the child. This allows the child to share with you any concerns they have, things that they find difficult and things they enjoy which allows you to plan activities accordingly. It also gives you the chance to give them praise and encouragement by telling them which things they are doing really well at, how proud you are of what they have achieved and offer reassurance that they should not worry about things they find hard because you can do extra work on these areas and help them to understand. While it can sometimes be difficult to find time during the school day to give feedback to the teacher you must find a way to do this whether it is in a written report brief discussion or phone call. Not only do you need to report on the pupils progress and weaknesses you should also inform them of any difficulties you experience during an activity, such as disruptive pupils so that the problem can be addressed and resolved. It is important to be careful when giving feedback that while you are honest you are also tactful and do not lay blame for the activity on the teachers inadequate planning or the fact that the activity was not stimulating enough. The better the relationship you have with the teacher the easier it will be for you to put your point of view across and work well together to improve the learning environment and achieve better results. Always be positive when making your suggestions or giving feedback. Providing the teacher with feedback on the learner’s progress and participation can be done in various ways. If a child has not been participating you may just need to briefly mention it to the teacher and try and come up with strategies to help them get more involved in future activities. When a child is disruptive you can either discuss this with the teacher or make a written record of how the child was behaving, if you think there was anything that caused the behaviour, the effect it had on the rest of the group, how you tried to resolve the issue and manage the behaviour, whether you were successful in disciplining the child and what you think you could do to avoid the problem arising again. Hopefully the teacher will then respond and give you feedback on whether they have experienced similar problems with that child and how they dealt with it. Keeping records on how a child is progressing is also essential as it allows all staff involved to see which areas the child is ma king progress in and where they need to improve, it also lets everyone know the level that the child is at so that the appropriate level of work can be set. In order to support learning activities effectively it is important to reflect on what you have done and consider how you managed different activities. When an activity is finished you may feel disappointed with the outcome. Activities don’t always go to plan or achieve what you wanted them to and this can be for a variety of reasons When you feel that things didn’t work out the way you expected you have to reflect on the session and ask yourself how it went? Which aspects were you pleased with? What did not go as well as you planned? What would you change if you had to do the activity again? By doing this you can improve the way you plan activities which will benefit yourself and the children. To be able to effectively teach various areas of the curriculum you must ensure that your own knowledge of the subject is of a high standard and if you are out of practice and unsure of some subjects ask for help or update your qualifications. Many establishments provide refresher courses to bring Maths, English and ICT up to an acceptable level for working in a school setting. If you are unsure of a subject or a teaching method your uncertainty will be apparent to the children and your lack of knowledge will confuse them. You cannot possibly teach a child something you know nothing about so you should find out about the subject matter ahead of the lesson by doing some research. You should make sure you communicate with other members of staff to find out the strategies they use and information they pass on to the children so that they do not receive conflicting advice or information and become unsure of what they are supposed to be learning. While I feel that my basic English, Maths and ICT skills are at an acceptable level I realise that it has been quite some time since I studied them and intend to familiarise myself with the curriculum and strategies that schools at the present time use to educate the children so that I feel more confident in helping and advising the pupils that I work with. I intend to do this by accessing the resources the school uses and familiarising myself with them while also asking for advice from other teaching assistants.

Definition and Examples of Chiasmus Figure of Speech

Definition and Examples of Chiasmus Figure of Speech In rhetoric, chiasmus is a verbal pattern (a type of antithesis) in which the second half of an expression is balanced against the first with the parts reversed. Essentially the same as antimetabole. Adjective: chiastic. Plural: chiasmus or chiasmi. Note that a chiasmus includes anadiplosis, but not every anadiplosis reverses itself in the manner of a chiasmus. Examples and Observations You forget what you want to remember, and you remember what you want to forget.Your manuscript is both good and original, but the part that is good is not original, and the part that is original is not good.If black men have no rights in the eyes of the white men, of course, the whites can have none in the eyes of the blacks.The art of progress is to preserve order amid change and to preserve change amid order.Chiasmus as verbal judoThe root pattern is called chiasmus because diagrammed, it forms an X, and the Greek name for X is chi. When John Kennedy constructed his famous bromide, Ask not what your country can do for you but what you can do for your country, he went to the Well of Antithesis for his active ingredient. Where does the X power come from?... Obviously, a verbal judo is at work here. By keeping the phrase but inverting its meaning we use our opponents own power to overcome him, just as a judo expert does. So a scholar remarked of anothers theory, Cannon entertains that theory because that theory entertains Cannon. The pun on entertain complicates the chiasmus here, but the judo still prevailsCannon is playing with the power of his own mind rather than figuring out the secrets of the universe. The lighter side of chiasmusStarkist doesnt want tuna with good taste, Starkist wants tuna that tastes good! Pronunciation ki-AZ-mus Also Known As Antimetabole, epanodos, inverted parallelism, reverse parallelism, crisscross quotes, syntactical inversion, turnaround Sources Cormac McCarthy,  The Road, 2006Samuel JohnsonFrederick Douglass, An Appeal to Congress for Impartial SuffrageAlfred North WhiteheadRichard A. Lanham,  Analyzing Prose, 2nd ed. Continuum, 2003

Japanese Relocation in WWII essays

Japanese Relocation in WWII essays In December of 1941 following the attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States went into a state of panic and war preparation. Among the panic, Americans began to feat that there were Japanese spies among the population of Japanese-Americans. Loyalty was a strong custom in Japan, and many feared that this loyalty would turn Japanese-Americans against the United States. The government became concerned with national defense as the war with Japan began, so General J. L. De Witt, the head of the western defense command, urged Congress to relocate thousands of Japanese Americans living in California to detention camps. He was not concerned with whether or not the person is an American citizen, just that they were of Japanese decent. De Witt wanted to move those of Japanese decent because the Western Coast was close to the Pacific Ocean, where most battles would be fought with the Japanese. The relocation of 120,000 Japanese to detention camps directly violated the Constitution in many ways, although the Supreme Court never ruled that this removal was unconstitutional. Many historians and political analysts, however, believe that direct rights were violated (1). Article XIV. Section 1 of the Constitution declares that, No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. (2) This right was directly violated when the Japanese-Americans were taken to the relocation camps without due process of law. Article IV of the Constitution protects the people from unreasonable searches and seizures. A warrant describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized is needed to raid a home. No such warrant existed when the 120,000 people were seized from there homes. (1,2) Furthe...

7 Ways to Kick Start the Writing Habit

7 Ways to Kick Start the Writing Habit 7 Ways to Kick Start the Writing Habit 7 Ways to Kick Start the Writing Habit By Daniel Scocco Sometime ago I came across an interesting post on Freelance Folder outlining seven ways to get your creative juices flowing. If you have been writing for a while, you know that getting out of the occasional writers block is a challenging task. Below you will find the seven tips, I am pretty sure they will be useful. Write nothing but headlines Write ‘crap’ without feeling guilty Schedule regular time and show up, even if you think you can’t write Write about how you solved a problem Edit older articles Type out other people’s articles Write something right now If you want more tips we have also covered this topic in the past, check out: How to Bypass Your Internal Editor Write Super Fast How to Start Writing When You Don’t Feel Like It Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 Types of Narrative Conflict20 Rules About Subject-Verb AgreementWords Often Misspelled Because of Double Letters

The Relationship Between Objectivity and Subjectivity in Essay Writing Research Paper

The Relationship Between Objectivity and Subjectivity in Essay Writing - Research Paper Example Essay writing involves a writer expressing themselves on a presentation that was based on the five human senses. This chapter is an emphasis on the fact that writers are required to write essays that describe various phenomena, which they should explain in a manner that helped the reader understand the content of the essay. In line with this, the chapter essentially underlines that different essays have varied writing styles with each style focusing on a particular level of description that a writer should use. One other noteworthy point highlighted by the chapter regards the relationship between objectivity and subjectivity in essay writing and with regard to the underlying principles that guide description. In this case, a writer can describe an object without relying on their personal experiences and emotions about the object they described. In effect, the writer is objective in their description. Conversely, a writer may express their personal feeling and opinion regarding an obj ect, which makes the subjective in their description. Overall, the chapter is crucial in outlining the various ways that a writer can use the description in writing quality essays. First, the chapter highlights the importance of focusing on a particular line of thought regarding the subject of discussion. In this case, writers are supposed to base the content of their essay on a thesis statement, which becomes the line of thought throughout the essay. Conversely, the chapter highlights the use of description in choosing content that a writer should include in their essay while ensuring that the content of the essay is in line with the thesis statement, which is the essay’s dominant impression.

Develop a thesis, or narrowly focused argument on a text Essay

Develop a thesis, or narrowly focused argument on a text - Essay Example Thus, one of the corner stones in his opposition towards oppression of different religious groups is the necessity of separation of Church and state which is seen in the following exemplary quotation: â€Å"true civility and Christianity may both flourish in a state or kingdom† (Williams). In addition to that, the author understands that the issue of religious prosecution is a result of interference of religion into the government. That is why on many occasions he puts emphasis on his ability tot distinguish between the two. For example, while addressing High Court of Parliament he writes: â€Å"your task as Christians is to save the souls, but as magistrates – the bodies and goods, of others† (Williams). Finally, there are numerous occasions where he points out the incompatibility of the religious oppression and adherence to the spiritual principles since the latter are based on peace, while the former promotes war. He makes a rather convincing point showing that prosecution of conscience â€Å"is not required nor accepted by Jesus Christ the Prince of Peace† (Williams). In other words, he suggests that waging a war in order to achieve a unified religious environment is against the very principles of such a peace loving religion as Christianity. Another interesting aspect of the reading in question is the way the author engages various expressive devices in order to convey his point of view. Thus, there are various instances when he uses picturesque comparisons so that the readers could perceive the situation from his point of view. For example, this is how he perceived the victory over religious oppression: men will â€Å"dispel and scatter such fogs and darkness† (Williams). What is more important is that several times in the text, the author engages surrealistic, yet quite expressive images in order to show the real state of affairs in the society, as he perceives it. Here is how he addresses the issue of

Difficulties of vocabulary learning and the use of songs to promote Essay

Difficulties of vocabulary learning and the use of songs to promote vocabulary learning - Essay Example The main focus of the study is to determine the best teaching-and-learning method used in FL class and how to help the students to gain new vocabulary words even without the help of the teacher. Based on the research findings, it is concluded that the integration of English songs in the students’ learning activity inside the classroom enables the student to have a better score in terms of their ability to retain new vocabulary words. Nowadays, English plays a great role in education. It is the language of communication, informatics, networking and technique. Thus, it binds different nations of the world into united linguistic community. Almost all academic institutions put high on the agenda teaching English language. In order Arabian students to effectively gain knowledge of the English language, determining factors related to teaching, translation, mass media and diplomacy is required. English is an instrument of learning at various stages in the educational system of Saudi Arabia. This function justifies the choice of the research paper theme: "Literacy: Vocabulary and Difficulties of learning new words (vocabulary) in FL classes and the use of songs to promote vocabulary learning". English is the only foreign language taught in educational, industrial and governmental institutions. Basically, employees are required to learn the English language because advertisements for job openings in private sector emphasize the employers preferences for potential employees are those who can speak English. The mass media development is another medium that widely uses English in Saudi Arabia. One of the two national Saudi TV stations include: (1) channel 2 which is the English Channel (Braine); and (2) the European language radio station which is broadcasting news report in English and/or French. Likewise, we also have other forms of media such as the English daily newspapers, the Arab News, the Daily Riyadh, and the

Perception of the Universal Healthcare System by the Left Political Essay

Perception of the Universal Healthcare System by the Left Political Movement - Essay Example As intellectually vacuous as any plan for this type of legislative takeover of the medical industry may be, it still attracts widespread adherence from those who know only to ask questions of why while strategically evading how. This is our present purpose: to examine the political and philosophical premises of the Left's motion toward a system of socialized medicine which (a) integrates business with the government, (b) takes control away from doctors, and (c), in the end, takes control away from patients. In addition to presenting anecdotal evidence, I shall reveal the emptiness of the Left's claim that such a "universal healthcare system" is a "moral imperative", or a product of "social justice". Thus, finally, I will show that although the present system is not utopian, it is not a complete disaster, as utopias tend to be when transforms from just mere talk to reality. Our present system of healthcare, that of a mixed state, is already partially socialized. However, the principle of an individual's right to choose his healthcare coverage and costs, although buried under heaps of government regulation and red tape, still remains somewhere. Socialized medicine, in effect, proposes to remove the last pieces of capitalism from which the nascent American healthcare system was born. ... What the Left also carefully ignores is the fact that, very often, poor health is the result of poor decision-making of individuals-particularly those individuals who demand the most from healthcare. Socialized medicine, instead of fixing poor decisions, fixes only the results of these decisions, and so serves more like a band-aid for a situation which requires more invasive measures. The opposition's claim is that the American healthcare system is unequal and social justice requires a change to socialized medicine: that while the rich have awesome healthcare, the poor get treated like dirt. The proper response to such a claim is to question how it may be supported by an argument. One may claim that this philosophy is supported by some "natural right" theory: that people have a right to life. Nevertheless, a "right" to healthcare is not a proper application of the right to life. If one does not have money to pay for a decent house or medical services, and the government gives him a "right" to those things, where does the money come from Other citizens is the proper answer; in fact, it is the only answer. Most Americans would agree that the right to free speech does not denote that my right requires others to give me a microphone and an auditorium, but few (especially on the Left) would be willing to claim that the right to healthcare is somehow less important than the right to free speech-and no American would simply give me an auditorium and a microphone simply on the basis that I have a right to free speech. At best, the "right" to healthcare is a wish, insofar as "I w ish everyone could have a decent house and medical services".  

The Impact of Automakers Demands on the Steel Industry Assignment

The Impact of Automakers Demands on the Steel Industry - Assignment Example Ford’s River Rouge factory’s partnership with steel mill has gone for a long time with the partnership leading to the construction of highly popular vehicles in America, ranging from the Model A to F-150 pickup truck. However, in 2014, Ford announced its switch to the use of Aluminum in the construction of its F-150 trucks. This is not just a concern to Steel mill but all steelmakers within the US as most of the car makers have turned their attention towards the use of aluminum in the construction of cars. Being the second vital source of revenue for steelmakers, only after the construction industry, the automakers constitute about 20 percent steel sales for the steel makers within the US on an annual basis. As such, a shift towards aluminum as a replacement of steel would have a great impact on the revenue of the steel industry. The automakers are pushed towards adopting the lighter steel as a major component of their cars as a result of the push by both the administra tion and the consumers to develop fuel-efficient vehicles. The steel industry has effectively and rapidly responded to this shift in consumer demands by developing lighter, high-strength steel that would meet the needs of the consumers. For Steel Mill, this has led to the adoption of the lighter steel by Ford in building the frame of its F-150 trucks. This type of steel is sold at a lower price than the initial steel, which has reduced the cost for the consumers while at the same time increasing the sales for the steel-makers. Other companies within the steel industry have also been forced to merge with other companies that have proficiency in the development of lighter steel, as a strategic move aimed at holding onto their consumers.

Perception of the Universal Healthcare System by the Left Political Essay

Perception of the Universal Healthcare System by the Left Political Movement - Essay Example As intellectually vacuous as any plan for this type of legislative takeover of the medical industry may be, it still attracts widespread adherence from those who know only to ask questions of why while strategically evading how. This is our present purpose: to examine the political and philosophical premises of the Left's motion toward a system of socialized medicine which (a) integrates business with the government, (b) takes control away from doctors, and (c), in the end, takes control away from patients. In addition to presenting anecdotal evidence, I shall reveal the emptiness of the Left's claim that such a "universal healthcare system" is a "moral imperative", or a product of "social justice". Thus, finally, I will show that although the present system is not utopian, it is not a complete disaster, as utopias tend to be when transforms from just mere talk to reality. Our present system of healthcare, that of a mixed state, is already partially socialized. However, the principle of an individual's right to choose his healthcare coverage and costs, although buried under heaps of government regulation and red tape, still remains somewhere. Socialized medicine, in effect, proposes to remove the last pieces of capitalism from which the nascent American healthcare system was born. ... What the Left also carefully ignores is the fact that, very often, poor health is the result of poor decision-making of individuals-particularly those individuals who demand the most from healthcare. Socialized medicine, instead of fixing poor decisions, fixes only the results of these decisions, and so serves more like a band-aid for a situation which requires more invasive measures. The opposition's claim is that the American healthcare system is unequal and social justice requires a change to socialized medicine: that while the rich have awesome healthcare, the poor get treated like dirt. The proper response to such a claim is to question how it may be supported by an argument. One may claim that this philosophy is supported by some "natural right" theory: that people have a right to life. Nevertheless, a "right" to healthcare is not a proper application of the right to life. If one does not have money to pay for a decent house or medical services, and the government gives him a "right" to those things, where does the money come from Other citizens is the proper answer; in fact, it is the only answer. Most Americans would agree that the right to free speech does not denote that my right requires others to give me a microphone and an auditorium, but few (especially on the Left) would be willing to claim that the right to healthcare is somehow less important than the right to free speech-and no American would simply give me an auditorium and a microphone simply on the basis that I have a right to free speech. At best, the "right" to healthcare is a wish, insofar as "I w ish everyone could have a decent house and medical services".  

Starting a Business Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Starting a Business - Assignment Example Since the biotechnology firm will be involved in the manufacturing and selling of cancer drugs, it will also be subject to the regulation by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The NCI falls under the National Institutes of Health (an agency within the United States Department of Health and Human Services). It is tasked with the responsibility of coordinating the national cancer program, conducting and supporting research activities on cancer and dissemination of information regarding causes, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of the disease (Lusk, 2009). The web design business amongst will be regulated by the Federal Trade Commission amongst other agencies. This commission is responsible for enforcing federal consumer protection laws. It does this through carrying out investigations on consumer complaints against the companies in question and taking the necessary actions where appropriate (Lusk, 2009). There are several laws that will govern the setting up and running of the three kinds of business. For the pizza delivery business and the biotechnology firm, the laws that will govern the running of their activities (such as the Public Health Service Act) will mostly be aimed at protecting the consumers of the products of these businesses from purchasing and consuming harmful products that might be detrimental to their health such as contaminated food or poisonous drugs that instead of curing ailments, they only makes them worse. For the case of the web design business, the law that deals with this type of business is the Intellectual Property Law. This branch of law deals with the creation of intellectual property trademarks, patents and copyright (Burrow, 2003). There are several legal steps that one will have to encounter before setting up each of the three businesses mentioned. The first step will be to determine the

Law with Tort of Negligence Essay Example for Free

Law with Tort of Negligence Essay The application is under s1 sale of goods act there is a contract form between me and Mandela where I have agreement, intention and consideration to buy the armchair from Mandela, thus contract is form. Besides that, armchair is considered goods and there is consideration of money where I paid Mandela for $1500 and lastly there is also transfer of property where I paid $1500 for the armchair from his shop. Hence, in conclusion the armchair that I purchased is under Sale of Goods Act. Another issue in the question is whether we can insist Tyson (owner) compensate me for $500 that I (buyer) spent on fixing the chair and either return the chair and insist upon a refund, specifically under consumer guarantees s 55 fitness for purpose? In the question the law would be s 55 ‘there is an implied guarantee that where the buyer expressly or by implication makes known to the seller the particular purpose for which the goods are required, and shows that judgment and seller, the goods must be reasonable fit for purpose’, based on the case Grant v Australia Knitting Mills and Wallis v Russell. In the question Tyson has breach s 55 fitness for purpose where he is selling furniture in his Classic Antiques Store but the furniture that he sell are fragile. In s 55 there is certain condition we must satisfy. First, buyer must express or the seller has known the buyer particular purpose for the goods they required. Second, has the buyer relied on the seller’s skill or judgment? Third, are the goods of a description which it is in the course of the seller’s business to supply? And lastly, has the buyer ordered the goods under their trade name so that it is clear there is no reliance on the skill of judgment of the seller? Based on the condition above, I had satisfied all the condition, where I express to Mandela (salesperson) that I want to use the armchair as my new house furniture. On the other hand, Mandela stated that ‘It is a solid old thing. I sit on it all the time. ’ Hence, I relied on his judgment and bought the armchair. Moreover, Tyson business are selling furniture’s where the armchair is considered as a furniture, thus it is also satisfied goods are descriptive under the course of the seller’s business. Lastly, although I didn’t buy the armchair based on the trade name, but I rely on the skill or judgment by Mandela. In conclusion, the seller has breach all the criteria in s 55 and under s 261 consumer have the right to choose either a refund or replacement of the products if supplier fail to fulfill with consumer guarantee, as a result I can insist Tyson compensate me for $500 for fixing the chair and also can return the chair and insist upon a refund. Â  Based on the question, the issues would be based on Mandela’s statement that ‘It is a solid old thing. I sit on it all the time. You will be used it safely for many years. Will it lead consumers to believe that it can be used as furniture and can be used safely for many years, specifically under consumer guarantees s 18 Misleading or Deceptive conduct? In the question, the law would be s 18 where ‘A corporation shall not engage in conduct that is misleading or deceptive or is likely to mislead or deceive’, based on the case of Eveready Australia Pty Ltd v Gillette Australia Pty Ltd ,Henjo Investment Pty Ltd amp; Ors v Collins Marrickville Pty Ltd and Taco Company of Australia Inc v Taco Bell Pty Ltd. In the application, there are 3 elements which must fulfill breach of s 18. First of all, Mandela engage in conduct with me that the armchair is safe and can be used for many years more which imply a false representation of the fact to me where the armchair was actually fragile. Furthermore, I purchase the armchair under trade and commerce whereby under mutual communication, and I negotiated 30minutes orally with Mandela (salesperson) to sell me the armchair with $1500. Moreover, Mandela conduct was misleading or deceptive where he stated he sits on the armchair all the time where he actually doesn’t sit on it and the fact that the chair was actually fragile. Refer to Taco Bell to determine whether the conduct is misleading or deceptive that there are certain criteria to justify whether they are mislead or deceived. First, the conduct is based on me which is justified the targeted by the conduct of the defendant. The time I was in Tyson’s shop, Mandela forms an erroneous conclusion to me, that the armchair is safe and can be used as furniture where it was not the fact. Hence, proves the conduct by Mandela skilled of being misleading or deceptive. In conclusion, Mandela has breach the 3 elements in s 18 of ACL for misleading and deceptive. Based on the question, Tyson is the owner of the shop (Principle), Mandela is the store manager and also salesperson (Agent) and I am the buyer (Third Party). In the question the issue is whether or not Mandela had authority to sell the chair at that price under Agency scope of an agent’s authority? Law is express authority where the agreement is created between agent and principal in the w ritten or oral form based on the case John McCann amp; Co v Pow. In addition, apparent authority is also applied here where the principle, either by words or conduct, may leads to third party mistaken to believe that an agent has authority to act on the principle’s behalf, based on the case Tooth amp; Co v Laws. Moreover, duty of agent where the agent must follow the lawful and reasonable instruction of the principle and be honest in performing the job is set by the principle’, based on the case Bertram, Armstrong amp; Co v Godfray. Hence in the application, Mandela has breach express authority under agency where he doesn’t follow the oral agreement by Tyson to sell the armchair for at least $3500 and he sold the armchair for me with $1500. Besides that, under apparent authority, Tyson either by words or conduct leads me to believe that Mandela has authority to contract on their behalf and I couldn’t know Tyson has instructed Mandela to sell the armchair for at least $3500. Based on the question, the issue is whether I can sue Tyson under tort of negligence and claim compensation? The law tort of negligence was recognized in the case Donoghue v Stevenson where the plaintiff must establish that, the defendant owed the plaintiff a duty of care, the defendant breached that duty, and lastly the plaintiff suffered damage as a result of the breach in tort of negligence. Hence in the application, Tyson (defendant) has owed a duty of care to me (plaintiff) based on the test and relationship. All the risk in the shop must be reasonable foreseeable, however the armchair was not reasonable foreseeable where the armchair looked nice but actually was fragile, even though Tyson does put a sign on the wall of the shop mention that ‘Please do not sit on the chair-fragile- considered sold if damaged’ but as a furniture shop, customers might need to try or test the quality of the products. In addition, there is a vulnerable relationship where Tyson hires Mandela as a manager and salesperson to control the shop, and I was reliant on Mandela, thus Mandela has the duty to protect my safety in the shop. Hence, Tyson has breach duty of care under magnitude of the risk of likelihood of the occurrence where the armchair was not covered or blocked to prevent customer sitting on it which same case as Bolton v Stone. Thus, he had fail to exercise the required standard of care due to the armchair being fragile and I sit on it, the chair had collapsed under my weight and has been injured when I fell to the floor. Hence, I have suffered damage due to the chair collapsed and I fell to the floor. However, Tyson have defenses to negligence under voluntary assumption of the risk where the plaintiff had full and absolute knowledge of the risk where defendant had actually put the sign on the wall that said ‘please do not sit on the chair- fragile- considered sold if damaged’. Besides that, the plaintiff had sufficient appreciation of that particular risk where plaintiff had saw the sign on the wall but ignore the sign. Lastly, there was voluntarily acceptance of that risk as the plaintiff knew the chair were fragile but doesn’t care and sit on the chair. Hence, at defendant point of view plaintiff should bear the risk. In conclusion, as I am the plaintiff I can sue Tyson under tort of negligence and claim for compensation, because Tyson should need to be more aware and cover or block the fragile furniture instead of just putting a sign on the wall due to customer might ignore the sign and sit on the chair.

Cultural Differences and Switching of In-Group Sharing

Cultural Differences and Switching of In-Group Sharing Nuchelle Atkinson, M.A. Research Article Critique Qiu, L., Lin, H., Leung, A. K. (2013). Cultural Differences and Switching of In-Group Sharing  Behavior between an American (Facebook) and a Chinese (Renren)  Social Networking Site. Cross-Cultural Psychology, 44(1), 106-121. Emma J. Barnes Abstract Culture is often mirrored by or perceived through shared practices in a community. The different shared practice on users’ national culture represents their host cultures. Facebook is the main social network site (SNS) in Singapore, thus, the partakers was considered bicultural online users, because of the widespread experiences to two culturally different online environments. The authors studied cultural differences and behavioral switching in the context of the fast emerging, naturally occurring online social networking, using both self-report measures and content analyses of online activities on two highly popular platforms; Facebook and Renren (the â€Å"Facebook of China†). Furthermore, the study considered indications of the extent to which characteristics described perceived cultures. These results set the stage for further investigations on flexible switching of actual sharing behaviors. The results also provided the basis that users’ behavioral differenc es in online sharing are due to their culturally shared practice as opposed to differences in technical capabilities. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to achieve two objectives; to seek to identify cross-cultural differences between technologically similar SNS platforms; Facebook and Renren (the â€Å"Facebook of China†). Second, to demonstrate cultural frame switching in online environments. The study also sought to establish that Renren and Facebook are two technically similar platforms in terms of system performance, security, and user-friendliness of in-group sharing functions. This would eliminate the possibility that behavioral differences in the two online communities are attributable to technical differences between the two platforms. Methodology: . The study was conducted using a 5-Point Likert-type scale event on the News Feed page of the participants’ accounts. Participants completed a set of questionnaires on perceived characteristics and various technical capabilities of Facebook and Renren. We created a survey to examine the perceived cultures of Facebook and Renren using characteristics that are related to either a collectivistic or an individualistic orientation in the context of online social networking. We used the scale developed by Tuunainen, Pitkanen,and Hovi (2009) to assess user perception of information security on Facebook and Renren. Website Analysis and Measurement Inventory (WAMMI). WAMMI (www.wammi. com) is a measure widely used in industry for assessing the overall system performance Results: The present article fills this gap by studying the practice of in-group sharing, a highly common online behavior afforded by many SNSs. Our findings demonstrated for the first time that users with extensive experiences with two culturally distinctive SNS communities can flexibility switch their online behaviors to match the shared practice on those SNSs. Conclusions: first, our studies demonstrate that SNSs are interesting cultural environments on their own. our research suggests that SNS users can actively participate in multiple online cultures and acquire multicultural experiences through social interactions in the virtual world. Culture is often mirrored by or perceived through shared practices in a community. The different shared practice on users’ national culture represents their host cultures. Online culture has been considered as a knowledge system formed by constellations of shared practices, expectations, and structures that members choose to follow with the help of networked computer technology (Fuchs, 2008). However, little work has been approached from a cultural psychological perspective; there is a need to examine the emergence of online culture. Studying different online cultures will expand the possibility of cultural psychology by providing new evidence to support existing cultural theories or challenge established ones. Thus, it becomes increasingly important to understand the behavioral ramifications of exposure to multiple online cultures. The problem and statement of importance is clearly stated. The purpose of the study is to achieve two objectives; to seek to identify cross-cultural differences between technologically similar SNS platforms; Facebook and Renren (the â€Å"Facebook of China†) and to demonstrate cultural frame switching in online environments. The study also sought to establish that Renren and Facebook are two technically similar platforms in terms of system performance, security, and user-friendliness of in-group sharing functions. The authors hypothesized that Renren (vs. Facebook) culture is relatively more collectivistic, whereas Facebook (vs. Renren) culture is relatively more individualistic. The second hypothesis is that Renren and Facebook differ in their cultural orientations, with Renren being more collectivistic and Facebook being more individualistic. The authors hypothesize that in-group sharing is a shared practice more prevalent on Renren than on Facebook. All key terms are well d efined. The literature review is very comprehensive in that it covers all of the mechanisms associated with the current study. The authors identify different forms and interpretations of this study. The review concludes with a brief summary of relevant literature and the reasoning for this study. The author intent of the study was explained with words that reflect higher order thinking skills. The participants are mentioned, the setting of the study is explained and words are well chosen; free of jargon and no unnecessary words are used. Thus the purpose was clearly stated. The hypothesis was provided in the literature review and logical. The justification of why the study is important was stated and convincing. It explained the purpose of the study and provided a compelling foundation, enabling the work to be set in the context of both existing evidence and its practical applications. All of the references are pertinent to the problem and help to inform the reader of the study’s purpose. The author used a systematic methodology involving the construction of theory through the analysis of data. The study was conducted using a scale developed by Tuunainen, Pitkanen and Hovi (2009), Website Analysis and Measurement Inventory (WAMMI), and a 5-Point Likert-type scale event. Participants completed a set of questionnaires on perceived characteristics and various technical capabilities of Facebook and Renren. The authors created a survey to examine the perceived cultures of Facebook and Renren using characteristics that are related to either a collectivistic or an individualistic orientation in the context of online social networking. This was an original study as the authors seek to step further in examining if similar cultural switching behavior would occur in natural online environments.Previous research has shown that attributes such as sharing-oriented (Berry et al., 1997; Triandis, 1995), conformity-oriented (Bond Smith, 1996), hierarchical (Triandis, 1995), and supportive (Miller, 1997) pertain to collectivistic cultural characteristics, and attributes such as self-expressive (Kim Sherman, 2007), assertive (Church Lonner, 1998), egalitarian (Triandis, 1995), and competitive (Triandis, 1993) pertain to individualistic cultural characteristics. What are the variables? Participants completed a set of questionnaires’ in Chinese, the participants’ native language. In this study, the authors counterbalanced the order of questionnaires that asked about Facebook and Renren. The present article fills this gap by studying the practice of in-group sharing, a highly common online behavior afforded by many SNSs. The study demonstrated for the first time that users with extensive experiences with two culturally distinctive SNS communities can flexibility switch their online behaviors to match the shared practice on those SNSs. With online social networks becoming a highly viable research tool, the current research offers an example of utilizing online data to study an emerging sociocultural phenomenon. Study 1 confirmed that system performance, security, and the usability of sharing functions are similar across Facebook and Renren, the two SNSs differ in their language medium. Facebook’s user interface is in English, whereas Renren’s is in Chinese (although users can communicate in Chinese on Facebook and English on Renren). From the author’s viewpoint, language is part of the cultural systems on SNSs. Indeed, considerable evidence suggests that language constitutes a part of the larger culture such that the use of Chinese can activate the Chinese cultural system and the use of English can activate the Western cultural system (as sited in Bond, 1983; Trafimow, Silverman, Fan, Law, 1997). Thus, it is reasonable not to consider the effect of language as a rival explanation of the current finding, but to view language as an important element of the online culture in which the users are participating. Another alternative account concerns how different degrees of closeness of friendship on the two SNSs might have affected individuals’ sharing behaviors. Our participants joined the Renren community when they were in China, and later became Facebook users after they arrived in Singapore. One might argue that these friends’ online activities constitute only a small sample of activities that may not accurately represent what other users generally do and therefore the shared practices of the SNS cultures. We contend that, however, it is the practices and activities nominally engaged by their friends that are most likely to reflect the immediate cultural environment in which the participants are actively involved. Conclusions and Implications (2-3 paragraphs)3 points Are the conclusions of the study related to the  original purpose? The present article fills this gap by studying the practice of in-group sharing, a highly common online behavior afforded by many SNSs. The study demonstrated for the first time that users with extensive experiences with two culturally distinctive SNS communities can flexibility switch their online behaviors to match the shared practice on those SNSs. With online social networks becoming a highly viable research tool, the current research offers an example of utilizing online data to study an emerging sociocultural phenomenon. We highly encourage other researchers to capitalize on this valuable resource and study the cultural dynamics of their own interest. The conclusion of the present study is related to the original purpose. The purpose of the study is to achieve two objectives; to seek to identify cross-cultural differences between technologically similar SNS platforms; Facebook and Renren (the â€Å"Facebook of China†). Second, to demonstrate cultural frame switching in online environments. The study also sought to establish that Renren and Facebook are two technically similar platforms in terms of system performance, security, and user-friendliness of in-group sharing functions. Were the implications discussed? The current findings have important implications, both theoretically and methodologically. In  terms of theoretical significance, first, our studies demonstrate that SNSs are interesting cultural environments on their own. Their technological capabilities enable them to afford new norms and practices that are not previously observed offline. For example, instant in-group sharing of information such as videos and pictures can be easily done online but not offline. Nevertheless,  the use of new media may not alter the fundamental essence of a culture—the newly emerged  norms and practices online may evolve from and later reinforce the shared norms and imperatives prevalent in the culture where the online community is hosted. Thus, SNS practices could be important manifestations of cultural products that contribute to a sense of â€Å"cultural consensus† (Lamoreaux Morling, in press). Second, our research suggests that SNS users can actively participate in multiple online cultures and acquire multicultural experiences through social interactions in the virtual world. Whom the results and conclusions will effect? With millions of people engaging in online communities What recommendations were make at the conclusion? SNS communities can flexibility switch their online behaviors to match the shared practice With online social networks becoming a highly viable research tool, the current research offers an example of utilizing online data to study an emerging sociocultural phenomenon. We highly encourage other researchers to capitalize on this valuable resource and studythe cultural dynamics of their own interest.

Sir Isaac Newtons Role in the Enlightenment Essay -- Contributions of

Isaac Newton had a huge impact on the Enlightenment, he influenced it scientifically in many ways and he influenced faith and reason in a tremendous way. He was known more for his scientific achievements then his religious works.His background and education affected when he made these great achievements. Isaac Newton born on December 25,1642 in Woolsthorpe, England grew up, he was the most important physicist and mathematician of all time.1 Newton attended Cambridge where he studied mathematics. Although he was considered a genious he was also considered an eccentric who was unsociable, vindictive, absent-minded and paranoid, he was considered to have a mid-life mental illness caused by the death of his mother.2Newton was very modest to the extent he had his friends publish his papers.3Newton fled Cambridge to escape the plague, during this period he made many of his accomplishments.4 Also he was persecuted for his faith in God. Thousand of men and women who were good Christian s were thoroughly loyal to politics and the belief that science and religion aren’t compatible.Many men and women had nothing but dislike and even contempt.5 Just a few of his accomplishments so crucial to the Enlightenment and currently still important are; essentials of mathematics called Calculus, Optical law-white light is a mixture of colors, and the principle of the law of gravitation.Also he wrote Naturalis Principia Mathematica, better known as Principia Mathematica, which is the single most influential scientific treatise ever written.6 In fact if a single point was given to the beginning of the Enlightenment, it would be the year of Newton’s publication of this book.7It provided the underlying principle for the Enlightenment.8Not only d... ...l. 2. (Upper Saddle River: Simon and Schuster, 1998), 480 12. Donald, Ozmont and Turner. Western Heritage, 480. 13. Donald, Ozmont and Turner. Western Heritage, 480. 14. History of Science Society, Sir Isaac Newton 1727-1927, 17. 15. Donald, Ozmont and Turner. Western Heritage, 481. 16. History of Science Society, Sir Isaac Newton 1727-1927, 19. 17. Gay, Age of Enlightenment, 20. 18. Bell, Arthur E. Newtonian Science. (London: Edward Arnold Ltd., 1961), 19. 19. Christianson, Gale E. In the Presence of the Creator: Isaac Newton and His Times. (New York: Macmillan Publishers, 1984), ix. 20. Donald, Ozmont and Turner. Western Heritage, 413. 21. Donald, Ozmont and Turner. Western Heritage, 488. 22. History of Science Society, Sir Isaac Newton 1727-1927, 25. 23. Donald, Ozmont and Turner. Western Heritage, 489. Sir Isaac Newton's Role in the Enlightenment Essay -- Contributions of Isaac Newton had a huge impact on the Enlightenment, he influenced it scientifically in many ways and he influenced faith and reason in a tremendous way. He was known more for his scientific achievements then his religious works.His background and education affected when he made these great achievements. Isaac Newton born on December 25,1642 in Woolsthorpe, England grew up, he was the most important physicist and mathematician of all time.1 Newton attended Cambridge where he studied mathematics. Although he was considered a genious he was also considered an eccentric who was unsociable, vindictive, absent-minded and paranoid, he was considered to have a mid-life mental illness caused by the death of his mother.2Newton was very modest to the extent he had his friends publish his papers.3Newton fled Cambridge to escape the plague, during this period he made many of his accomplishments.4 Also he was persecuted for his faith in God. Thousand of men and women who were good Christian s were thoroughly loyal to politics and the belief that science and religion aren’t compatible.Many men and women had nothing but dislike and even contempt.5 Just a few of his accomplishments so crucial to the Enlightenment and currently still important are; essentials of mathematics called Calculus, Optical law-white light is a mixture of colors, and the principle of the law of gravitation.Also he wrote Naturalis Principia Mathematica, better known as Principia Mathematica, which is the single most influential scientific treatise ever written.6 In fact if a single point was given to the beginning of the Enlightenment, it would be the year of Newton’s publication of this book.7It provided the underlying principle for the Enlightenment.8Not only d... ...l. 2. (Upper Saddle River: Simon and Schuster, 1998), 480 12. Donald, Ozmont and Turner. Western Heritage, 480. 13. Donald, Ozmont and Turner. Western Heritage, 480. 14. History of Science Society, Sir Isaac Newton 1727-1927, 17. 15. Donald, Ozmont and Turner. Western Heritage, 481. 16. History of Science Society, Sir Isaac Newton 1727-1927, 19. 17. Gay, Age of Enlightenment, 20. 18. Bell, Arthur E. Newtonian Science. (London: Edward Arnold Ltd., 1961), 19. 19. Christianson, Gale E. In the Presence of the Creator: Isaac Newton and His Times. (New York: Macmillan Publishers, 1984), ix. 20. Donald, Ozmont and Turner. Western Heritage, 413. 21. Donald, Ozmont and Turner. Western Heritage, 488. 22. History of Science Society, Sir Isaac Newton 1727-1927, 25. 23. Donald, Ozmont and Turner. Western Heritage, 489.

Stabilization Policy

| Stabilization Policy| ECO311E| | Glen Edwards 201102728| | | Contents Introduction3 What is Stabilization Policy? 3 Keynesian vs. Classical4 Stabilization in South Africa5 Conclusion5 Reference list6 Introduction In an era where growth and stability in the economy are at the forefront of economic discussions, the economic policies and principles that are utilized in keeping with a stable economy must be taken very seriously. The way in which the governments of the world manage their income and expenditure is therefore of the utmost importance. The task of managing money is what stabilization policies are in a nutshell.The two schools of thought, Classical and Keynesian, view these stabilization policies differently and the author will attempt to discern whether or not either of them view stabilization policy as worthwhile. Additionally the author will analyze the stabilization policy efforts within the South African economy in recent years. What is Stabilization Policy? â€Å"Stab ilization policy is the attempt to reduce fluctuations in income, employment and the price level, stabilizing national income at its full-employment level, if possible. † (Lipsey, 1993:659). This can be done through a governments fiscal or monetary policy, or both.As the author understands it, fiscal policy refer to those policies of the government that affect the tax rates, interest rates and expenditure, all used and controlled in an effort to control the economy. Simply put, a reduction in tax rates and/or an increase in government purchases (expansionary fiscal policy) causes the government's budget deficit to increase, or its budget surplus to decrease, while conversely, a  decrease  in government expenditures and/or an  increase  in taxes (Contractionary fiscal policy) will cause the government's budget deficit to decrease, or its budget surplus to increase. Stabilization Policies, 2000) â€Å"Monetary Policy is the deliberate control of the money supply for the purpose of achieving macroeconomic goals which are full employment, price stability, and steady economic growth. † (Gregory, 2011:149). From the authors knowledge, a change (increase or decrease) in the money supply has a opposite effect on interest rates, and this has an impact on the amount of investment spending. Therefore utilizing either (or both) fiscal and monetary policy may help a government stabilize the economy in times of turmoil and uncertainty.The different stages of growth or recession throughout the years is commonly referred to as the business cycle. The business cycle is, according to Roux (2002:25), comprised of four elements: a trough, and expansion (called a boom), a peak and a downswing (called a recession). A stabilization policy could therefore be used to combat the foreseeable trends that the business cycle seems to follow, although the two schools of thought differ in the way in which they believe these trends arise. Keynesian vs. ClassicalWhen compa ring and contrasting the views of both the Keynesian and Classical economists when it comes to the business cycle, it becomes clear that the way in which these schools of thought differ on this topic is crucial to understanding their stance towards stabilization policy. The main difference in their views of the business cycle are the ways in which the trends and stages in the business cycle come about. Mohr and Fourie (2008:512) support this by stating that classical economists attribute the fluctuations in the business cycle to exogenous factors, while Keynesians believe the business cycle to be an endogenous phenomenon.From the above sentence, it becomes apparent to the author that Keynesians would be strong advocates of stabilization policies in the economy as this would enable them to use it in reducing the negative effects that arise out of said endogenous phenomenon. This being said, the government can simply not know enough, soon enough. As a result the problem of policy lags arises. Policy lags are defined as â€Å"Time lags that occur between the onset of an economic problem and the full impact of the policy intended to correct the problem. † (Policy Lags, 2000).With this in mind, the author concludes that while strong advocates of stabilization policy, Keynesians would prefer moderate and general practice in this regard, rather than a constantly changing policy as this comes with many shortfalls, policy lags being one. Classical economists on the other hand would see few, if any, benefits from implementing a stabilization policy, this is supported by Economics USA (2013) that states â€Å"Classical and neo-classical economists believe that there is little the government can do to reduce unemployment and increase GDP/GNP growth, especially in the long run.They maintain that in the long run, fiscal stimulus raises interest rates and monetary stimulus raises prices without affecting real growth. † From this the author can deduce that it bo ils down to the question of government intervention, where classical economists believe little or no intervention is needed, and Keynesians believing the contrary. Stabilization in South Africa â€Å"The South African economy has experienced remarkable stabilisation in the course of the last decade, and since 1999 the economy has been expanding in what is now by far the longest business cycle expansion in the country’s history. (Du Plessis , Smit & Sturzenegger. 2007:5). Leading up to the 1994 elections, many economists were concerned with the sustainability of South African fiscal policy. This had a lot to do with the amount of government debt. â€Å"Government debt was rising fast, and the associated interest burden had risen to more than 5% of GDP. â€Å"(Du Plessis et al. 2007:6). Stability thereafter was a priority, not only in prices but in the economy as a whole.This notion of stability can also be seen in the most recent budget speech of finance minister Pravin Gor dan where fiscal sustainability is again cited as a priority, especially the role of taxation. â€Å"A review will be initiated this year of our tax policy framework and its role in supporting the objectives of inclusive growth, employment, development and fiscal sustainability† (Gordan, 2013). This makes clear to the author that although growth is top priority, unregulated growth is not and that the government still has a role to play in maintaining the sustainability of prices and growth in the country.Government legislature can be crediting in the strengthening and stabilizing of the economy, as Du Plessis et al (2007:7) state : â€Å"An important milestone of fiscal reform was the Public Finance Management Act of 1999, which legislated the need for regular financial reporting, sound expenditure controls and a strengthened system of supervision and audit. † In the authors opinion, although the government has not the part of the government in monitoring and encouragi ng sound fiscal principles. ConclusionIt becomes clear that stabilization policy is worthwhile from the Keynesian point of view, where government intervention is encouraged and seen as part of a healthy and prosperous economy. The author supports these views as he believes that the stabilization policies have helped, either directly or indirectly, in the preservation and stability of the South African economy, as well as many other emerging economies. This is largely, but not limited to, due to the government's ability to influence the budget deficit through taxation and its expenditure and its control of the country's fiscal policy.Reference list Du Plessis, S. , Smit, B. , & Sturzenegger, F. 2007. THE CYCLICALITY OF MONETARY AND FISCAL POLICY IN SOUTH AFRICA SINCE 1994. July 2007 Economics USA. 2013. Stabilization Policy. [Online]. Available: http://www. learner. org/series/econusa/unit26/ [2013, April 10] Gordan, P. 2013 . (2013, February). Budget Speech 2013. Speech presented at Parliament, Pretoria, Gauteng. Gregory, P. R. 2004. Essentials of Economics. 6th ed. Prentice Hall: London Mohr, P. & Fourie, L. 008. Economics for South African students. 4th ed. Van Schaik: Pretoria Lipsey, R. G. 1993. An Introduction to Positive Economics. 7th ed. Oxford University Press: New York Policy Lags. 2000. [Online]. Available: http://www. amosweb. com/cgi-bin/awb_nav. pl [2013, April 10] Roux, A. 2002. Everyone's guide to the South African Economy. 7th ed. Zebra Press: Cape Town Stabilization Policies. 2000. [Online]. Available: http://www. amosweb. com/cgi-bin/awb_nav. pl? s=wpd;c=dsp;k=stabi

The Food Wars by Walden Bello

Food insecurity is linked to various issues such as poverty, low income, poor infrastructure, inequitable access to land, water, credit and markets. Food security is also threatened due to natural disasters such as floods, droughts and further exacerbated by internal conflicts which can dislocate rural and farming communities. These issues and challenges are the normal and repetitive debates among the global community of practice regarding food security while the needs and necessities of the peasant farmers, who are responsible for the majority of food production around the globe, are not addressed. In The Food Wars, Walden Bello presents the important and burning issues of the North-South power gap and hierarchy regarding food security. Bello depicts and argues the role of the Bretton Woods institutions influencing agricultural policies in developing countries, organizations such as the WTO designing rules and regulations that exclude developing nations and their smallholder farmers, while donor organizations such as USAID heavily persuade developing nations to adopt unfriendly domestic policies. Most importantly, Bello closes the gap between the policies made by multilateral institutions, developing government ministries and their implication on the peasant farmer. The structural adjustment had massive implication and consequences in Mexico and the Philippines. According to Bello, the structural adjustment tore apart the traditional corn farmers of Mexico and turned a nation that was once the original place of corn domestication to a major corn importer. Furthermore, the creation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in an attempt to create liberalization of agricultural trade further displaced smallholder farmers. Policies imposed by the North have diverted the traditional farming practices of the peasant farmer that has existed for decades to commercial agricultural practices in an attempt to increase agricultural efficiency and strengthen food security. Following the structural adjustment and NAFTA Mexico experienced severe food insecurity while the young labor force from rural farms stated migrating to the US. Bello also discusses the Philippines experience regarding the rice shortage. The Philippines once a major rice exporter nation owing to the government echnical services geared towards peasant farmers became a major food importer due to the effects of structural adjustments. Philippines entry to the WTO increased the country’s payment to its debts, extracting funds from various government services including towards peasant farmers while the nation’s food insecurity increased. Bello states: â€Å"Today, the status of the Philippines as a permanent importer of rice and, mo re generally, a net food importer is implicitly accepted by a government that does not view the countryside as an essential element in the nation’s economic development†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Bello, 67). Bello also discusses the impact of the structural adjustment in the African agriculture. In what Bello labeled â€Å"Destroying African Agriculture†, he discusses the transformation of the African continent as a major exporter of food to a major importer. The aim of the structure adjustment in Africa was to loosen governments’ involvement in rural agriculture such as subsidized fertilizers. The ultimate goal was to attract the private sector into the agriculture economy so that ultimately agriculture productivity increases through industrialized mode of agriculture instead of the peasant agriculture. However, according to Bello, the private sector failed to step in to fill in the gaps. In the case of Malawi, the extreme influence over the government to adopt structural adjustment led the extreme food insecurity of the country and eventually led to famine. Prior to giving into the World Bank’s and IMF’s pressure to adopt to these adjustments, Malawi had a fertilizer subsidy program that provided peasants farmers with affordable fertilizers. After surrendering to the structural adjustment, the government of Malawi withdrew its support to peasant farmers with the hope of the private sector stepping in. However, food production declined tremendously while the nation turned to aid. Malawi finally refused to abide by these adjustments and continued to provide subsidized fertilizer which was followed by three years of crop surplus. Furthermore, Bello emphasizes the contradicting approaches between the WTO and the structural adjustment of the Bretton Wood Institutions. While the World Bank and the IMF were forcing governments to abandon the various subsidies they have set up in place for the peasant farmer, the WTO failed to eliminate subsidies by the US and European governments. Bello states: â€Å"Subsidies now account for 40 percent of the value of agricultural production in the European Union and 25 percent in the United States† (Bello, 76-77). Smallholder farmers were in no position to compete in such unfair market environment and thus the rise in food insecurity around the globe. Agrofuels were once considered the remedy to the massive consumption of fossil fuels and the green alternative. However, as Bello mentions and debates: â€Å"†¦that US and EU agrofuels policies were responsible for three quarters of the 140 percent increase in food prices between 2002 and February 2008† (Bello, 123). Agrofuels become an opportunity of major profit making for multiple multinational corporations. Government officials and development workers indorsed this magical solution with the hope of aiding their beneficiaries. However, the serious demand of agrofuel consumption and production led to extensive environmental damage, pollution and threats to biodiversity. Furthermore, the production of agrofuels failed to be sustainable for it exploits more energy than it produces. However, corporate agriculture and various privileged politicians are the primary beneficiaries to agrofuels and the main drivers to projects and policies that are favorable to it. According to Shepard Daniel and Anuradha Mittal’s article â€Å"The Great Land Grab: Rush for World’s Farmland Threatens Food security of the Poor,† the demand for land has driven investors from around the globe to the current land grab: â€Å"Attracted by this big demand and market, investors- mainly from the private sector and OECD member countries- are targeting vast tracts of land to produce crops for agrofuels in developing countries,†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Daniel and Mittal, 4). The land grab in various developing nations is not only coming from the usual â€Å"Northern† countries but rather from emerging economies of China, India, Saudi Arabia and UAE. Furthermore, pressured by the international institutions and foreign investors, developing countries governments fail to make the appropriate decisions that favors smallholder farmers. More and more evidence is indicating that there is not much room for smallholder farmers in this global rush to massive land grabs. Peasant farmers are being forced out of their lands, forced to work on industrialized agriculture while losing their family/ traditional values. The global land grab is not only eliminating traditional farming heritages but is also creating a severe food shortage and insecurity in the most vulnerable areas of the world. Walden Bello presents a holistic argument regarding international food insecurity as influenced by various global players of the North. It offers an extensive analysis of the power hierarchy that exists between the North- South divide and its contribution to the various failed endeavors and attempts to achieving global food security. Bello also emphasizes on food sovereignty as the right of each nation and its citizens to sustain and advance its own capacity to produce basic food, while respecting environmental, productive and cultural diversity. Most importantly, the book emphasizes on the importance of the participation of peasant farmers in decision and policy making being key to achieving food security and healthy economic growth as a whole.

Comparing and Contrasting Sonnet 130 and Ars Poetica Essay

â€Å"Change what you see by changing how you see† (Huie). This quote relates to â€Å"Sonnet 130,† by William Shakespeare and â€Å"Ars Poetica,† by Archibald Mac Leish. Sonnet 130 is about the faults of his mistress, but realizes by the end of the poem, that his love is all that matters. This man did not see his mistress as an ugly woman, but instead saw her as someone whom he loves dearly. In a different way, Ars Poetica states that â€Å"a poem should not mean, but be† (MacLeish 23). People who read a poem may try to interpret its real meaning, but there is really nothing to interpret. A poem should just mean what it says. Although both â€Å"Sonnet 130,† by William Shakespeare and â€Å"Ars Poetica,†by Archibald MacLeish have similar themes such as simplicity, and similar devices such as using imagery to describe beauty and nature, they have different meanings, since one poem seems to expect a considerable amount from a mistress, and the other poem expects nothing of a poem. One similarity between â€Å"Sonnet 130† and â€Å"Ars Poetica† is their themes of wanting nothing but simplicity in a poem and a mistress (stated in the last couplet), and love and adoration. When reading â€Å"Sonnet 130† one might think that this man spends his time complaining about his mistress, and clearly dosen’t love her, however, by the end of the poem he realizes that his mistress may not be beautiful, but their love is beautiful, and that is all that matters. â€Å"And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare† (Shakespeare 13). In â€Å"Ars Poetica,† MacLeish explains that â€Å"a poem should be wordless† (7) and â€Å"a poem should be motionless in time† (9). One might be confused by what the poem is actually trying to say, but he ended the poem by saying, â€Å"a poem should not mean, but be† (23), which was a clearer statement. As was said before, a poem is not something people should over analyze, it should just make you feel the way it does. Almost ike a painting or sculpture, a poem is not a puzzle, but a mood or a feeling. Both poems seem to have different views on what to expect from a mistress/poem. In â€Å"Sonnet 130,† Shakespeare expects a great deal of things from his mistress. There are twelve lines discussing the disappointment of his mistress’ eyes, lips, hair, cheeks, breath, voice, and how she walks. Lines such as her eyes â€Å"are nothing like the sun† (Shakespeare 1), her lips are less red than coral, and her hairs are like black wires growing on her head, show how displeased he is at these unattractive qualities. â€Å"Ars Poetica† is completely different in this way. MacLeish says, â€Å"A poem should be palpable and mute† (1), and â€Å"Dumb as old medallions to the thumb† (3). These words demonstrate how he believes that poetry should be different than what society expects them to be. He wants nothing of a poem, but just believes that poems should be whatever they want to be. Another similarity between â€Å"Sonnet 130† and â€Å"Ars Poetica† would be that they both use imagery to compare beauty and nature. â€Å"Sonnet 130† used this device, to demonstrate the nature of beauty through imagery. â€Å"I have seen roses damask’d, red and white, but no such roses see I in her cheeks† (Shakespeare 5). This compares his mistress’ cheeks to the beauty of a rose. â€Å"Ars Poetica† has many lines that use imagery, one of which compares words to the flight of birds, â€Å"a poem should be wordless as the flight of birds† (MacLeish 7). Both writers did an impeccable job using imagery to enhance the readers understanding and use descriptive words to make the poem more beautiful and interesting sounding. â€Å"Ars Poetica† and â€Å"Sonnet 130† are similar in the way that they both have a similar theme of simplicity and adoration. â€Å"Ars Poetica† wanting a poem be in it’s simplest terms and wanting it to mean only just what it says. Although in â€Å"Sonnet 130† Shakespeare does seem to expect a lot from a mistress, he states at the end of the poem, that he wants nothing more than the mistress he has. Another similarity is that they both compare beauty and nature. This device was used purely to entice the reader, and make it easier for the reader to understand. One essential difference between both poems, would be that in â€Å"Ars Poetica, the poet strongly believes that a poem should be â€Å"wordless† and simple, almost careless. However, in â€Å"Sonnet 130,† Shakespeare spends most of the poem taking about his mistress’ unattractive qualities and seems quite expectant of a number of things. Analyzing these key similarities and differences are what help the reader understand the poem in a more analyitical way.

Aceto 10K Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Aceto 10K - Essay Example The companies are primarily located in the United States, Europe, and Asia-Pacific regions. The customers range from small enterprises to large firms (Aceto, 2014). The financial analysis was from the fiscal year that ended on June 30, 2014. The Human Health segment had net sales of $160,217, which represented a 23.6% increase from the previous year. The Pharmaceutical Ingredients segment had a net sale of $176,425, a 4.6% decrease from the prior year. The Performance Chemicals segment had net sales of $173,537, a decrease of 6.3% from the previous year. The Pharmaceutical Ingredients section seems to be the largest contributor to the net income of the company followed by the Performance Chemicals segment. Ironically, the two significant contributors dropped yet the overall net sales of the company increased by 2.1% to $510,179. It seems the vast rise in the Health Segment were enough to buffer the shortcomings in the other segments (Aceto, 2014). The company faces a lot of risks that could affect its financial performance in the future. Being a business that first sources before distributing products, it faces a significant challenge in case some of its suppliers close down or decide to sell their products. Also, low-quality products from the suppliers can affect the company’s image if the goods manage to reach the consumers. Another risk factor that could face the company is the increasingly invention of new technology in the health and pharmaceutical fields. For example, genetic engineering and gene-based medications could pose a big threat to the products of the

Construction Law - Subcontracts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Construction Law - Subcontracts - Essay Example This paper examines various clauses of the Sub-contract and their level of compatibility with the Construction Act 2009 and the Joint Contracts Tribunal rules. The enactment of the Construction Act 1996 on 1st May 1998 made it the sole regulatory mechanism for all construction contracts (Evans, 2005; Teichmann, 2011).   The law was intended to handle issues in the construction industry relating to payments for completed construction projects and the then rampant cases of prolonged and costly legal disputes that were bringing construction activities at the sites to a near standstill. In the Act, different stakeholders in the building industry now reached a consensus about the various provisions which sought rationalize payment issues and establish a new way of resolving disputes that would keep construction projects going on throughout the duration of seeking resolutions to conflicts.  Adjudication was the new dispute resolution mechanism which was brought into the 1996 Construction Act. The Construction Acts are limited to regulating construction contracts only.  Sinden et al (2012) have noted that a construction contract is a working arrangement between two parties with for purposes of implementing construction activities.  In general, construction operations encompass erecting, altering, renovating, servicing, extension or bringing down of any buildings, constructions or works (Lynch, 2013; Evans, 2005).  This broad definition of construction works also includes piping and electrical installations, drainage networks and tunnels, clearing the debris from the site, landscaping and applying finishing touches like painting and decorations among others. In light of these definitions, this sub-contract is well within the confines of a construction project. Owing to the applicability of the Construction Act 1996 to contacts formed in writing, this Sub-Contract was conceived within the law (Teichmann, 2011). Nonetheless, the Construction Act 2009